Generally when one mentions investing, one thinks of stocks. Forming the foundation of more investment journeys, stocks or equities provide a tried and tested option for using capital to gain profits. In this article, we’re guiding you through the most important concepts you need to know when it comes to investing in the stock market, from what stocks are exactly to how to stock market basics. 

What are stocks? 

Also referred to as equity or shares, individual stocks are securities that provide fractional ownership in a company. Units of stock are called shares and entitle holders to "own" a small part of the issuing corporation. This can also entitle the owner to receive dividends from any profits the company might earn.

Other terms one might hear are exchange-traded funds (ETFs) which are stocks based on pooled investments that mimic the price of the underlying asset allocation while mutual funds are professionally managed investment funds. An investment portfolio can be made up of a collection of the above, or individual stocks, depending on your financial goals.

Stock market vs stock exchange

Stocks are traded on stock exchanges around the world and their price is driven by supply and demand. The term stock market refers to the entire industry while the term stock exchange refers to the platforms on which stocks are traded. 

What is a stock exchange?

A stock exchange is an exchange platform where publicly-traded stocks can be purchased and sold through buyers and sellers, like the New York Stock Exchange for example. Initial Public Offerings (IPO's) are the primary mechanism of raising capital, where organizations sell shares to the general public in exchange for capital. This process allows the business to expand without incurring debt. 

In exchange for being allowed to offer shares to the public, companies are obliged by law to publish financial information about the company's performance and grant shareholders a voice in how the business operates.

Advantages of investing in stocks 

Before engaging in any stock market investing it is important to determine your risk tolerance. This pairs your current financial situation with the amount of risk you are willing to endure, anywhere from low risk to high risk. It's best to consult a financial planner should you be unsure. 

Once this has been determined, you can build a strategy for your stock investments and partake in the many advantages that the stock market has on offer. 

Profits

Should a company's share price increase, investors can make considerable profits by selling the shares at the right time. 

Ownership

Shares provide investors with ownership in the company relative to the number of shares they own. As a shareholder, you gain access to a portion of the profits and may also receive voting rights within the business. 

Dividends

Investors can earn passive income by receiving dividends from a company they have invested in when they pay out the profits made over a certain time period. Some companies offer quarterly dividends while others are annual. 

Income and growth

Stocks deliver an ideal investment opportunity that can provide both income and growth. Investors looking for a more risk-averse investment and stronger financial stability will benefit from engaging in the stock market. 

Experts can leverage your earnings

Skilled fund managers understand mutual funds inside and out, gaining skills that allow them to optimize investments to capitalize on market fluctuations. Constantly monitoring equity funds for opportunities to better position clients' portfolios, these experts continually revise their strategies as needed.

Disadvantages of investing in stocks

Requires time

If you are new to the industry and intend to invest on your own, you will need to undergo a considerable amount of research on each company before investing in it. You will also need to learn how to read financial statements and annual reports and keep an eye on the news when determining whether a company might be profitable in the near future. 

No guarantees

While considered one of the "safer" investment options, individual stocks can still be high risk as there is no guarantee of what might happen to a company on a year-to-year basis or that you won't lose money. Always determine your risk tolerance before investing in the stock market.

Fluctuating prices

All markets are subject to volatility and the stock market is no exception. Be sure not to fall into the trap of making trading decisions based on emotion and stick to the golden rule: buy low, sell high. 

How to invest in the stock market

Ready to start investing in the stock market? The process is probably simpler than you thought it would be. 

1. Find a brokerage account most suitable for your investment goals
   Consider your short and long-term goals and determine which account is best suited to you, from college savings accounts to an individual retirement account to everything in between. 
2. Find a brokerage company
   Next, you'll want to find a brokerage company. Consider their available investment options, reputation, and fees when looking for the right fit. If you're looking to invest in stock mutual funds, individual stocks, or index funds, be sure that the brokerage account (or brokerage firm) provides the relevant services.
3. Deposit funds
   Once you've opened your account you will need to deposit money to get started. This is generally in the form of a lump sum, however, monthly recurring payments can also be set up.  
4. Determine which investments you want to open
   After opening an account you can begin to purchase and sell stocks, as well as bonds, stock mutual funds or general mutual funds, index funds, and ETFs that are composed of hundreds of securities. Whether investing in various individual stocks or the investment options listed above, consider using a diversified, risk-friendly approach whereby you don't put all your eggs in one basket. 
5. Confirm your investments by purchasing them
   Once you've decided what to purchase, simply enter the ticker symbol in the buy field and specify how many shares you would like to acquire. And that's how you enter the stock market world.

Final thoughts

By their very nature, stock market investing can be volatile with numerous internal and external factors outside of the control of retail investors affecting stock prices. While exchange-traded funds and mutual funds might diversify this risk, it's best to assume that you are still susceptible to it.

During times of extreme price fluctuations within the stock market don't make emotional decisions and instead maintain patience. Consider writing down your goals beforehand and referring to this in times of market turbulence. Having a diversified portfolio of individual stocks will help mitigate risk. 

It's critical to understand your risk tolerance before investing in the stock market and make sure you get investment advice from an expert so that you can determine the best course of action for yourself. By analyzing your personal financial situation, they are able to advise you on the best route for your financial goals, from whether it's best to invest in individual stocks or index funds before you start investing.

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Nous sommes ravis d’annoncer que PAX Gold (PAXG) est désormais pris en charge directement dans l’app Tap !

À partir d’aujourd’hui, vous pouvez acheter, vendre, conserver et échanger des PAXG contre EUR, USD, GBP et quatre autres devises fiat – sans aucune contrainte de paires de trading. Grâce à notre moteur de conversion pair-agnostique, il vous suffit de sélectionner la devise ou l’actif de votre choix : la conversion s’adapte automatiquement, sans imposer de paire fixe.

Qu’est-ce que PAX Gold (PAXG) ?

PAX Gold (PAXG) est un actif numérique adossé à de l’or physique, qui associe la stabilité du métal précieux à la flexibilité des actifs tokenisés. Chaque token représente exactement une once troy d’un lingot d’or de 400 onces conforme au standard London Good Delivery. Le prix du PAXG suit donc directement le cours de l’or.

Contrairement à l’investissement traditionnel dans l’or, il n’y a ni frais de garde, ni contraintes logistiques, ni minimum d’achat élevé. Avec PAXG, vous accédez au marché de l’or de manière simple, sécurisée et totalement digitale, sans intermédiaire.

Construit sur la blockchain Ethereum, PAXG repose sur le standard ERC-20, ce qui le rend compatible avec l’écosystème DeFi. Chaque token est associé à un numéro de série traçable, correspondant à un lingot réel stocké dans des coffres sécurisés, offrant un niveau de transparence élevé.

Pourquoi choisir PAX Gold sur Tap ?

Choisir Tap pour investir dans PAX Gold, c’est opter pour une expérience fluide et sécurisée, alliant la solidité de l’or à la liberté de la crypto :

• Échangez PAXG librement contre EUR, USD, GBP et plusieurs autres devises
• Aucune contrainte de paire de trading : Tap est pair-agnostique
• Conservez, vendez ou utilisez PAXG avec le reste de vos actifs crypto et fiat
• Profitez d’un environnement réglementé, avec une app centrée sur la sécurité et la simplicité

Un pas de plus vers une finance moderne

L’ajout de PAX Gold dans l’app Tap s’inscrit dans notre engagement à offrir un accès fluide à des outils financiers à la fois traditionnels et innovants. Notre objectif ? Vous donner plus de liberté et de flexibilité dans la gestion de vos actifs, le tout depuis une seule application.

📘 Envie d’en savoir plus ?

Découvrez notre article complet sur PAX Gold (PAXG) et apprenez comment l’or sur blockchain peut devenir une composante stratégique de votre portefeuille.

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L’ENS, c’est quoi exactement ?

L’Ethereum Name Service (ENS) est un système de nommage décentralisé conçu pour rendre les interactions sur Ethereum plus intuitives. Il permet aux utilisateurs de remplacer les longues adresses alphanumériques par des noms lisibles comme monnom.eth, facilitant ainsi les envois et réceptions de fonds.

Imaginez : au lieu de copier-coller une adresse complexe, il suffit d’écrire lea.eth pour envoyer des cryptos à cette personne. L’ENS fonctionne un peu comme le DNS sur internet, mais pour les adresses Ethereum.

Comment ça fonctionne ?

ENS repose sur deux composants principaux :

Le registre ENS

C’est ici que sont enregistrés tous les noms .eth. Lorsqu’un utilisateur enregistre un nom via une interface comme le ENS Manager, celui-ci est ajouté au registre et devient sa propriété.

Le résolveur ENS

C’est un smart contract qui associe un nom ENS à une adresse Ethereum. Il joue le rôle de traducteur : lorsqu’on saisit monnom.eth, le résolveur retrouve l’adresse Ethereum correspondante et permet l’envoi de fonds.

Les utilisateurs peuvent également ajouter des données supplémentaires, comme un lien IPFS ou un hash Swarm, ce qui permet d’associer des contenus décentralisés à leur domaine ENS.

Qui a créé l’ENS ?

L’ENS a été imaginé en 2016 par Nick Johnson, un ancien ingénieur de Google ayant rejoint la Fondation Ethereum. Le système a officiellement vu le jour en mai 2017 sous la forme d’un service autonome sur la blockchain Ethereum. Depuis, il est devenu un outil central dans l’écosystème Ethereum.

À quoi sert l’ENS dans la pratique ?

L'ENS facilite la vie des utilisateurs en simplifiant les paiements, les interactions avec les dapps et l’accès à du contenu décentralisé. Voici quelques cas concrets :

• Envoyer des cryptos à une adresse lisible (tonpseudo.eth) au lieu d’une suite de chiffres et de lettres.
• Héberger un site Web décentralisé via un lien IPFS rattaché à un nom ENS.
• Créer des sous-domaines (nft.tonnom.eth, pro.tonnom.eth) pour organiser ses services Web3.

Le token ENS, à quoi sert-il ?

En 2021, ENS a lancé son propre token de gouvernance, le ENS, permettant à sa communauté de participer aux décisions. Il ne sert pas à payer l’enregistrement de noms, qui se fait en ETH, mais uniquement à voter sur les propositions.

Voici un aperçu des prix (en ETH) pour enregistrer un domaine ENS .eth :

• 5 $/an pour un nom de 5 caractères ou plus
• 160 $/an pour un nom de 4 caractères
• 640 $/an pour un nom de 3 caractères

Ces tarifs reflètent la rareté des noms plus courts.

Qu’est-ce que l’ENS DAO ?

L’ENS DAO est une organisation autonome décentralisée qui gère l’évolution du protocole. Les détenteurs du token ENS peuvent :

• Proposer et voter des mises à jour ou des changements de politique
• Influencer les décisions stratégiques du projet
• Participer à la gouvernance d’un projet Web3 phare

Et la Fondation ENS ?

La Fondation ENS est une structure à but non lucratif chargée de soutenir l’adoption et le développement du projet. Elle organise des événements communautaires, distribue des subventions aux développeurs, et accompagne la croissance de l’écosystème en parallèle de l’ENS DAO.

Comment acheter des tokens ENS ?

Vous pouvez acheter, vendre et stocker des tokens ENS directement dans l’app Tap :

• Échangez vos cryptos ou devises contre des ENS
• Achetez du ENS avec votre carte Visa ou Mastercard
• Stockez vos ENS dans un portefeuille sécurisé intégré

L’app Tap offre une expérience fluide pour gérer vos actifs numériques, que ce soit pour explorer l’univers ENS ou d’autres projets Web3.

Index funds are an increasingly popular form of investment that offers investors a low-cost, passive way to gain exposure to a broad range of assets. With minimal management fees and no need for active trading decisions, index funds can provide investors with higher returns at lower costs than more traditional forms of investing. 

What is an index fund?

An index fund is a type of mutual fund or exchange-traded fund (ETF) composed of a basket of stocks or bonds that tracks a specific stock market index such as the S&P 500 or Dow Jones Industrial Average. These might also be referred to as index mutual funds.

Unlike actively managed funds, which attempt to beat their respective benchmarks through security selection, index funds strive to replicate their underlying market indexes by holding all (or substantially all) of their components in similar proportions. 

This makes index mutual funds more cost-effective than actively managed funds since they incur fewer trading costs and require less research and fewer management fees. On top of that, since they track established indexes, investors can benefit from the diversification within the asset class without having to pick individual stocks themselves. 

Index funds provide an easy way for investors with any level of experience or resources to access some of the market's best-performing assets at a minimal cost. Index mutual funds are also favored for long-term investment strategies such as retirement funds. 

How do index funds work?

Index funds, also commonly referred to as "indexing", follows a passive form of investing (unlike traditional mutual funds that are typically actively managed funds). Instead of fund managers actively trading a variety of stocks, index funds are built by mirroring the securities of a particular index and holding them. 

The key notion is that by mirroring the profile of the index or stock market, the fund will match its overall performance. For example, over the last thirty years, the S&P 500 has grown an average of 10.7% per annum, which its index mutual fund will mimic.

While the most popular index fund tracks the S&P 500, other prominent index mutual funds include:

The Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index

Which tracks the bond market.

The MSCI EAFE Index

Which tracks foreign stocks in Europe, Australasia, and the Far East.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA)

Which tracks 30 large-cap companies listed on the stock exchange. 

The index fund portfolio holdings will remain as is unless there is a significant change in the market's benchmark index. Benchmarks are used to measure the performance of the market indexes and will influence whether any changes to the composition of the portfolio need to be made. If changes are necessary, managers will rebalance the percentage of securities as necessary.

Passive vs actively managed funds

Both mutual funds and index funds are great investments, however, they differ slightly in how they operate and the returns one can expect. As with any investment endeavor, investing involves risk.

Actively managed funds

An actively managed investment fund offers investors access to an experienced team of financial professionals or simply a fund manager who makes knowledgeable decisions about where and how to allocate the funds across asset classes. This generally enables larger returns than traditional passive investing.

Typically, many mutual funds are actively managed funds, however, it's best not to assume a fund is actively or passively managed simply based on the fund type. There are plenty of funds that break this rule, like actively managed exchange-traded funds.

The advantages of an actively managed fund are that it can earn higher returns and beat the market index. It's important to note that this is not a guarantee so it's best to check the history of the fund you wish to invest in beforehand and the performance of the team managing it.

It's also worth noting that when the mutual fund sells individual stocks it incurs fees and taxes which will affect the fund's performance. Investors are also required to pay a flat fee despite the performance of the actively managed mutual funds, which could result in the mutual fund underperforming the market index.

Passively managed funds

On the other hand, a passively invested fund mimics a market index and does not have a fund manager or team of fund managers making decisions on what and when to invest.

With passive funds, there are fewer decisions to be made and trades to execute, which allows for less effort and lower fees. Automating the bulk of a passively managed index mutual fund makes it much more cost-effective than paying professionals to determine when and what should be bought or sold.

Typically, an index fund will fall into this category as it does not require full-on management. Once the index on which it will mimic is established, the shares are purchased and the index fund continues with little to no input.

Index funds vs mutual funds

Investors looking to build a portfolio have two popular fund options: index funds and mutual funds. Both types of funds are created by offering diversification through a curated range of stocks and bonds and access to professionally managed investments, but there are some key differences between index funds and mutual funds that investors should be aware of before making their choice. 

Index funds typically carry lower fees than mutual funds, but they also come with fewer features and tend to be more passive in nature. 

Actively managed mutual funds on the other hand provide more flexibility when it comes to customization, as well as access to professionally-managed portfolios which may yield higher returns over time. Understanding how both index and mutual funds work will help investors make an informed decision about which type is right for them.

Is it worth investing in index funds?

Financial professionals will typically agree that index funds are a great way for investors to invest passively in the stock market. Not only do they require little input, but they also offer a low-cost option with a strongly diversified portfolio. Index funds also offer a good investment option for long-term investors.

However, it's important to remember that all investments come with risks, and individual financial situations can vary widely. Before making any investment decisions, it is highly recommended to consult a professional financial advisor who can assess your specific circumstances and provide tailored advice. Their expertise will help you make informed choices aligned with your financial goals and risk tolerance.

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Freelancing is a popular career choice that has grown significantly in recent years due to the rise of the gig economy and the increasing availability of remote work opportunities. The freelance market is made up of self-employed individuals who work independently and provide their services to clients on a project-by-project basis. 

This type of work provides a great deal of flexibility and control over one's own schedule, workload, and earning potential. However, like any career choice, freelancing has both ups and downs. Below we explore what a freelance career might look like, and provide tips on how to be your own boss and a successful freelancer.

What is the gig economy?

The gig economy is a labor market where temporary or flexible jobs are common, and independent workers work on a project or task basis rather than being employed by a company or traditional employer on a long-term basis. 

This type of work is often conducted through digital platforms or apps that connect workers with clients who need their services. Freelance platforms include the likes of Upwork, Fiverr, and Freelancer.com for instance. 

Gig economy jobs can range from driving for ride-hailing services to performing freelance writing or design work. The freelance business allows individuals to work when and where they want, providing them with a great deal of flexibility and control over their work schedules, essentially making them their own boss. 

However, it also comes with challenges such as a lack of job security, no benefits or protections, and potential fluctuations in income. While freelance work sounds attractive, it’s important to consider the skill set needed and whether the ups outweigh the downs in relation to your specific needs and wants. 

Being realistic about freelancing

The freelance business has gained a reputation for offering a very attractive lifestyle, but it still takes work and requires a number of skills and commitments that you, and you alone, will need to front. 

Organization skills

For a successful freelancer, being organized and managing your time effectively is crucial. This means staying on top of your tax obligations, keeping your documents in order, and ensuring that you meet all deadlines. 

Multitasking

In addition, multitasking is a necessary skill for most freelance workers, as you'll likely have to juggle multiple projects simultaneously. This requires effective task prioritization and the ability to switch between different topics seamlessly. 

Strong communication 

Good communication skills are also essential for success, as you'll need to handle difficult clients and know how to ask for guidance when needed. Effective communication is also crucial to a successful freelance career as you will likely need to take the initiative and approach potential clients for work. Promoting your skills and putting yourself out there also requires courage and self-confidence. 

Self-discipline

Perhaps the most crucial for a freelancer freelancing in this day and age is self-discipline. No matter what line of work you pursue, you'll need to stay focused and avoid distractions while working independently, whether it's the temptation of a nap or a social interaction.

The freelance lifestyle may sound flexible, but in reality (more often than not) it is still a full-time job as you are essentially running your own business.

Handle criticism 

Being able to handle constructive criticism is an important trait for freelancers, as you'll often need to accept and respond to feedback that isn't always positive. Remember, even talented freelancers producing high-quality work receive negative feedback.

Self-motivation

Being self-motivated is key when working as a freelancer, as you'll be responsible for managing your own work schedule and meeting deadlines without the guidance of a manager. If you prefer a more social work environment, freelancing may not be the best fit for you as it often involves working independently. 

Financial resilience

Finally, new freelancers should be prepared to have a certain level of financial resilience as there can be uncertainty about when their next paycheck will arrive. When they start freelancing, quiet periods of contract work can be anxiety-inducing for some people.

The upside of freelancing

On the positive side, freelancing allows individuals to work from anywhere, giving them the flexibility and autonomy to balance work and personal life. 

One of the primary advantages of freelancing is the ability to take control of your work schedule. You have the freedom to choose when and where you work, making it much easier to balance your professional and personal commitments. 

Freelancers having the freedom to select their own projects means that they have a great deal of control over the type of work they do, far more than a regular job. You can choose to work on projects you enjoy and are passionate about, and have the ability to set your own rates and choose clients that align with their values. 

Additionally, freelancers have the potential to earn more money than traditional full-time employees as they have the ability to work with multiple clients simultaneously and charge higher rates for their specialized skills.

Another benefit is that your earnings are directly related to your effort and the quality of your work, which gives you a real sense of achievement that you might not feel working in a traditional office environment.

When done right, freelancing can offer a great deal of professional and personal fulfillment. Before you start full-time freelancing, however, be sure to understand the bigger picture of what is required.

The downside of freelancing

One of the most significant challenges for many freelancers is that it can be financially unpredictable, as one's income can fluctuate from month to month, paired with a lack of job security. Additionally, there are no paid vacation days, sick leave, or other benefits that traditional employees enjoy. 

As a freelancer, you'll need to ensure that you're always available to communicate with your clients, which can require a certain level of flexibility. On top of that, freelancers might also need to continuously search for new clients and projects on online marketplaces to maintain their income. 

If you venture into the world of freelancing, it’s important to note that you will also be responsible for all administrative tasks, including accounting, invoicing, tax obligations, and chasing payments, which can be time-consuming and require a great deal of attention to detail. 

Another issue is the isolation that can come with working independently, as freelancers often work from home or their local coffee shop and may not have the same social connections as traditional employees.

Overall, freelancing can be a rewarding career choice, but it requires a significant amount of self-discipline, motivation, and business acumen to be successful. It's important for individuals considering freelancing to weigh the benefits and drawbacks carefully before making the leap.

If you’re unsure whether freelancing is for you, consider slowly taking on one or two freelancing jobs while still working your traditional 9-5. This way you can test the waters with first-hand experience and see if this is something you would like to pursue full-time. 

10 steps to kickstart your successful freelancer career

If you’ve decided to take on a slow transition or full-time shift to freelancing, we’ve put together these 10 steps for you to take in order to build up your portfolio. From finding work on freelancing websites to managing the workload and establishing pricing, here are the tools you’ll need to build your freelance business. 

Step 1: Find your first job

Freelance work can be found through online freelancing platforms, which are a popular option for both freelancers and clients, with recent data showing that 75% of freelancers find work this way. Explore the various freelancing platforms and find which one best caters to your needs. 

Step 2: Build a portfolio of freelance work

To create a successful freelance profile, it needs to make a strong impression and showcase your skills, experience, and personality to potential clients. Consider taking on smaller projects in the beginning that will display your skill set to gain experience. The more you can show, the more interest you can attract. 

Knowing which freelance projects to take on and how to write a winning proposal can be crucial in securing steady work and building a reputation in the industry.

Step 3: Establish your pricing formula

One of the most common questions that freelancers have is how to price their work, as it can be challenging to balance fair compensation with the risk of losing clients to competitors.

There is a fine line between overcharging and scaring away potential business and selling yourself short. Use trial and error to figure out specifically where your skill set lies, and don’t be afraid to check out what other freelancers offering similar skills are charging. 

Remember: Your work is valuable, and your expertise, experience, and dedication deserve to be rewarded.

Step 4: Discuss the job parameters with the client before beginning

Before starting work on a project, it's important to discuss and agree on details with the client, including deadlines, the scope of work, and payment terms. This step is vital and should never be skipped.

Be sure to understand what the client wants and effectively communicate your requirements before spending any time on the project you’ve just landed on. 

Step 5: Manage client expectations

Freelancers need to manage client expectations and maintain a positive working relationship through effective communication and a clear contract. Always start on the right foot by being polite, assertive, and transparent.

Each client will be different so ensure that you navigate these relationships in a tailor-made manner. Ideally, you want to establish a strong client relationship and meet (or hopefully exceed) their expectations. 

Step 6: Manage your time effectively 

You’ve landed the job, now it's time to do the work. Time management is key to productivity and success as a freelancer. Ensure that you are scheduling work during productive hours, using time-tracking software if necessary, and effectively using your time to balance the workload of multiple projects.

Take the time to explore various tips and tricks for managing your time between projects, and build a winning formula that works specifically to your needs. The primary goal here is to maximize your productivity. 

Step 7: Get paid

Getting paid as a freelancer can involve choosing the right payment options, dealing with fees and invoicing, and learning the best course of action for receiving international payments. Tap provides a winning formula that caters to both crypto and top fiat currency payments. 

Unfortunately, this is also the time to learn how to address and handle non-payment issues.

Step 8: Manage your finances

Freelancers need to manage their finances carefully, as income can vary and benefits and tax obligations are the sole responsibility of the freelancer.

Be sure to stay up to date with policies like health and disability insurance, and learn about investing and passive income solutions for retirement and other savings goals. 

Step 9: Level up your freelance career

As a freelancer, there are many opportunities to grow your career and income, such as becoming an agency with other people working under you or teaching others your skills and experience through online courses. 

Step 10: If in doubt, start small

It's possible to balance freelancing with a day job, but it takes planning, determination, and persistence to make it work. This is also a great way to test the market and see if the freelancing life is for you. 

How to navigate the freelance business as a newbie

Now that you have a clear understanding of what freelancing entails, and a to-do list of steps to take to pave your new career path, below are some tips for anyone starting out or looking to become a freelancer. These will come in handy as you navigate the space and ensure that you don’t sell yourself short. 

Be selective about what jobs you take

To showcase your skills and present yourself as an expert, it's important to choose freelance projects that align with your skills and interests, rather than accepting every job that comes your way.

Establish a good pricing formula

Finding the right pricing balance can be tricky - charging too little can make you appear less experienced while overcharging can lead clients to seek out more affordable options. Researching market rates can help you find the right pricing balance.

Keep checking in with clients

Following up with clients after completing a project can lead to more work and strengthen your professional relationship. Consider suggesting additional projects that could benefit the client's business and make a note to check in again in a few months.

Always get a signed contract before starting

Before starting work on a project, always ensure you have a signed contract that outlines the obligations on both sides, including payment terms. Although it may feel awkward to request a contract, it can save time and hassle down the line.

Outsource administrative tasks if necessary

Administrative tasks such as invoicing, accounting, and tax management are important but can be time-consuming.

Consider delegating or automating these tasks to free up more time for paid work. Several millionaires interviewed in a study said that one of their keys to success was recognizing their weaknesses and delegating accordingly. 

Structure your day

To manage your time effectively, create a routine that allows you to balance work and other commitments. Scheduling work during your most productive hours and avoiding leaving work until the last minute can help you maximize productivity.

Stay motivated

Freelancing can be challenging at the beginning, but it's important to persevere and not give up. With experience, you'll gain more confidence and find it easier to secure work and manage your business.

Best of luck with your new venture if you decide to start freelancing.

Kyber Network was launched in 2018 with the aim of being the main liquidity hub for the DeFi space. KyberSwap is the platform's interface, a decentralized exchange (DEX) aggregator that provides convenient and secure value exchange within the crypto market. Overall, the Kyber Network platform provides a smooth token-swapping experience while boosting earnings for liquidity providers. 

What is Kyber Network (KNC)?

Kyber Network is a decentralized multi-chain liquidity hub that provides instant, secure transactions on any decentralized application (dapp). Its main goal is to provide deep liquidity pools that offer the best rates for DeFi dapps, decentralized exchanges (DEXs), and other users. Kyber Network is built on the Ethereum blockchain and makes use of intricate smart contracts.

KyberSwap is its flagship DEX aggregator and liquidity platform. KyberSwap sources liquidity from multiple DEXes to provide the best swap rates for traders in DeFi. KyberSwap is decentralized and permissionless, allowing users to conduct transactions on any of its supported 12 chains, including Ethereum and Binance Smart Chain. 

Kyber Network seeks to solve the liquidity issue in the DeFi industry by allowing developers to build products and services using the platform's protocol, while KyberSwap acts as the trustless trading platform that also provides rewards for liquidity providers. With over $1 billion in total volume from over 1 million user transactions, Kyber Network is a growing player in the DeFi space.

Kyber Network's governance structure is managed by holders of its native Kyber Network Crystals (KNC) token through a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) called KyberDAO. This allows KNC token holders to have a say in the network's decision-making processes and contribute to its development and growth.

Who created Kyber Network?

Kyber Network was founded by Loi Luu, Victor Tran, and Yaron Velner in 2017. The project created 226 million KNC tokens, most of which were sold to buyers and investors during its initial coin offering. This raised Kyber Network 200,000 ETH (roughly $50 million at the time) to launch the platform. The protocol went live on the Ethereum blockchain in February 2018, with Vitalik Buterin as an advisor. 

In October 2017, the Kyber Network burned over 10 million KNC tokens, bringing the maximum supply down to roughly 215 million KNC.

Victor Tran is the current CEO of Kyber Network, while Loi Luu is the current Chairman. Yaron Velner stepped down as CTO in October 2019 but remains as an advisor. The Kyber team has over 50 employees globally, and its headquarters is in Singapore, with a large presence in Vietnam.

How does Kyber Network work?

Kyber Network is a decentralized protocol that enables users to instantly trade tokens without intermediaries. KyberSwap is the user interface for Kyber Network, with two protocols: Classic and Elastic. 

Classic features the Dynamic Market Maker (DMM) protocol and the Amplification (AMP) programmable price curve. Elastic is a tick-based AMM (automated market maker) with concentrated liquidity, allowing liquidity providers to specify the price range for adding liquidity and earn fees for swaps processed at a specific price. 

KyberSwap also has features like the Reinvestment Curve, multiple fee tiers, JIT Protection, and liquidity mining farms. The Kyber Network aggregates liquidity from various sources into a single liquidity pool on its network, and anyone can provide liquidity. The protocol is integrated into dApps (decentralized applications), DeFi (decentralized finance) platforms, and crypto wallets, enabling users to utilize any Kyber Network-supported token and allowing platforms to receive payment in their preferred token. 

The Kyber Network protocol relies on reserves to provide liquidity for its decentralized exchange platform, KyberSwap. When a user initiates a trade, the platform searches for available reserves to find the best available rate being offered by takers. 

There are three main types of reserves: Price Feed Reserves (PFR), Automated Price Reserves (APR), and Bridge Reserves. PFRs use price feeds to calculate conversion rates using smart contracts acting as an alternative to market makers, APRs provide rates for available crypto assets through smart contracts, and Bridge Reserves access other decentralized exchanges to deepen liquidity. 

Previously, reserves were required to participate in the Kyber protocol by staking KNC to pay for network fees, but a recent upgrade removed this requirement, making it easier for reserves to participate. Kyber Network collects fees in ETH, with a portion of them going to reserves based on the amount of liquidity they provide.

The reserves model is a critical component of KyberSwap, enabling the platform to offer fast and competitive token trading services to its users.

What is the Kyber Network Crystal (KNC) token?

Kyber Network Crystal (KNC) is the native coin for the platform and acts as both a utility and governance token. Users can stake it to vote on upgrades and policies or delegate their tokens to other validators and earn a portion of the block reward. 

Users who stake KNC receive rewards in ETH, and network fees paid in KNC will be burned over time, gradually reducing its supply. KNC holders can participate in the DAO and governance proposals by staking their assets or delegating their vote. 

They can also earn liquidity-mining rewards by staking their tokens in eligible Rainmaker farming pools or participating in various activities such as Trading Contest, Gleam Giveaway, and AMAs.

How can I buy KNC tokens?

Tap's mobile app offers a user-friendly platform for users to purchase, trade, and safely store Kyber Network's KNC token in an integrated wallet. The app supports a variety of cryptocurrencies and fiat currencies, which can be used for buying and selling KNC tokens. The app also makes use of a smart router which finds the best Kyber Network price at any given time.

Additionally, users can securely store not only KNC tokens but also other digital assets on the app. Downloading the Tap mobile app provides users with access to verified cryptocurrencies and fiat wallets, allowing them to take advantage of a wide range of investment opportunities.